What is a common method for ensuring that only necessary permissions are assigned during user account provisioning?

Role-based access control (RBAC) is a widely recognized method for managing user permissions effectively during the provisioning of user accounts. This approach assigns permissions based on the roles that users have within an organization, rather than on an individual basis. By grouping users into roles that have defined permissions, RBAC ensures that each user is granted only the access necessary to perform their job functions, adhering to the principle of least privilege.

This method streamlines access management because roles can be designed to reflect the responsibilities and access needs found within job functions across the organization, allowing for efficient and consistent permission assignments. Additionally, when a user changes roles or leaves the organization, modifying their permissions is straightforward since it involves just updating the role rather than revisiting each individual permission.

This approach contrasts with other methods such as group policy settings, which tend to manage settings across groups but do not inherently define access in a role-specific way. Mandatory access control (MAC), while also compliant with strict access policies, is more rigid and less commonly used for dynamic user provisioning. Periodic reviews focus on evaluating current permissions rather than defining them at the time of account creation, making it a reactive rather than proactive method for managing permissions.